Regardless of the type of air filter, its most important role is to filter the impurities in the air, provide clean air for the engine's work, reduce the wear of the engine parts, thus protecting the engine and prolonging its service life. effect.
Most of the 6-cylinder construction machines are equipped with swirling air filters. Now its structure principle and maintenance usage are introduced as follows:
One, cyclone air filter structure principle
The filter is composed of three parts: a cyclone precleaner (upright cyclone), a paper master fine filter (lying) and a safety filter (lying). The paper master fine filter element and the safety filter element are set in one piece; the primary strainer and the exhaust tail tube are connected by a rubber ejector tube, and the ejector tail tube must be arranged at the throat in the exhaust tail tube. Swirl tube plastic products to prevent collision heat.
The air enters the strainer, and the centrifugal force of the swirl tube causes most of the ash in the air to fall into the dust collection chamber at the lower end of the swirl tube. When the engine exhaust gas passes through the throat, due to the smaller diameter at the throat, the flow rate increases, and the formed particulate vacuum is used to suck the dust particles in the dust collection chamber into the ejector tail pipe through the rubber tube and together with the diesel exhaust gas. Exhale into the atmosphere.
The coarser filtered air passes through the paper fine filter element and the safety filter element into the intake manifold.
In order to remind operators to maintain the filter in time, a vacuum alarm is installed at the outlet of the air filter. The alarm case is grounded and the indicator light is mounted on the instrument panel. When the air filter element is too heavy, the intake resistance increases and the vacuum degree on the intake manifold side rises. When the vacuum level exceeds 5.9-6.4 Pa, the indicator light flashes. At this time, the operator should maintain the air filter in time.
To facilitate the removal of dust, replace the filter element. The filter housing and the filter element can be removed.
Second, the use of swirling air filter maintenance
Coarse filter
After every 100-200 hours of operation, remove the coarse filter section, and use compressed air (or pump) to blow the dust in each swirl tube and attached to the shell. If an individual swirl tube blade is damaged and the swirl effect is lost, the tube can be temporarily used for a period of time after it is clogged.
2. Main and safety filter
1) When the diesel engine is working for 100-200 hours, remove the paper filter element, tap the end face gently, shake the dust attached to the surface of the filter element off, or use a soft brush to brush back and forth across the folds of each filter element. Compressed air is also available. (Pressure 0.5mpa) Blown outward from the filter element to the center to remove the dust on the filter element.
2) For every 300-400 hours of operation, use the same method as the above-mentioned maintenance paper filter to maintain the safety filter.
3) When disassembling and maintaining the filter element, avoid touching the filter element. When the filter paper is broken or perforated, the filter element should be replaced in time. If there is no replacement of the filter element at one time, separate impacted areas may be sealed with tape or paper and used temporarily.
4) When installing the filter element and the safety filter element, the two end surfaces must be sealed reliably and must not leak gas.
5) The filter element must not be cleaned or touched with any liquid such as oil or water. If it is contaminated with oil, water, or other liquid, it will make the diesel smoke color worse and the power drop. When the filter element cannot be improved after cleaning the filter element or the core is broken and cannot be patched, the new element should be replaced.
3. Jet tube
1) Ensure that the rubber hose is sealed and sealed at the junction of the dust collection chamber and the tailpipe.
2) After every 500-1000 hours of operation, pay attention to observing the bent portion of the tail pipe of the ejector tube and whether the hole is damaged. Immediately after discovery, the tail pipe should be repaired or replaced. Otherwise, the filter effect of the air filter will be seriously affected.
4. Others
1) The connection between the air filter outlet and the intake manifold, and the connection between the exhaust tail pipe and the muffler are reliable.
2) When disassembling the air filter, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the sealing gasket between the cover and the end face of the filter element is in good condition, timely renew, and tighten the air filter clamp bolt.
3) Tighten the top wing nut of the air filter to ensure that the intake air is not short-circuited.
4) The air filter is fixed on the intake pipe.
In practical work, we often see that there is a rubber pipe between the air cleaner and the exhaust tail pipe of most construction machinery. However, due to the lack of understanding of the importance of this pipe by the driver or maintenance worker, or think it It is an air intake preheating device, or it is considered as an exhaust gas recovery device. In order to facilitate maintenance, the pipe is often abandoned and used. In fact, this behavior is very harmful.
Construction machinery often works in harsh environments with very high airborne dust and places high demands on the air filter effect and the airtightness of the air intake system. If the use of the air intake system is not properly maintained, it will accelerate the wear between the piston and cylinder liner, reduce the engine power and shorten the engine life, causing a series of adverse consequences.
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