On February 11, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced the complete deregulation of GM corn used to produce ethanol, which does not pose a plant risk. The move marks the first time that companies have approved biotech crops for ethanol production in the United States for the first time. However, this decision of the US Department of Agriculture was immediately publicly criticized by many relevant agencies and environmental organizations.
It is known that the alpha-amylase gene contained in this "Ethanol Maize" can rapidly decompose starch into sugar, which is the first step in the production of ethanol. As a result, it can produce more ethanol. This corn seed with amylase quality was successfully developed by Swiss Syngenta, and the company will sell it under the trade name “Enogenâ€. According to Deville Pisco, COO of Seedna’s seed business, “This kind of corn can make more biofuels available to existing ethanol producers in the United States.â€
Syngenta plans to only cooperate with a limited number of ethanol plants and corn growers this year and plans to commercialize this “ethanol corn†on a large scale by 2012. Syngenta stated that it will try to make the cultivation of ethanol corn "under contractual conditions and under closed conditions."
Michael Gregoire, deputy director of biotechnology regulatory affairs at the US Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Monitoring Service, said that Syngenta had proposed to the U.S. Department of Agriculture regarding the planting of the genetically modified ethanol corn as early as 2005. Application. Subsequently, the Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Monitoring Service (APHIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture conducted environmental and plant pest risk assessments on the corn. The final conclusion is that the crop does not pose a plant risk and can be exempt from regulatory restrictions.
However, corn millers and food manufacturers may not think so. They fear that if the amylase contained in this “ethanol corn†escapes from its original product, it will inevitably infiltrate into the food chain originally intended for human consumption, and will cause a lot of trouble. Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration confirmed in 2007 that the amylase is safe for use in food, related agencies are still concerned that it will affect the quality of corn foods and product shelf life. The North American Millers Association believes that if the amylase enters the food processing industry, it may have a bad effect on the quality of breakfast foods, snack foods, etc.
Union of Concerned Scientists also expressed concern that they are mainly afraid of contaminating edible corn during the planting process of GM ethanol and corn. Margaret Mellon, director of the Food and Environmental Planning Department of the Union of Concerned Scientists, said: “The decision of the Ministry of Agriculture violated common sense and there is currently no effective way to protect the consumption of corn from ethanol corn. Even with the most stringent precautionary measures, as long as there is wind blowing, edible corn will be contaminated, and the quality of edible corn will decline."
Kate Mahon, the coordinator of the environmental group's biofuels campaign called Friends of the Earth, also expressed disappointment with the decision of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. She said that if the United States Congress did not pass the "Renewable Fuel Standards" Act in 2007, requiring large quantities of biofuels, the genetic engineering "ethanol corn" simply did not exist. The Renewable Fuels Standards Act requires that the country's bioethanol consumption reach 36 billion gallons by 2022, and the organization expects that corn ethanol will reach 15 billion gallons by then.
It is known that the alpha-amylase gene contained in this "Ethanol Maize" can rapidly decompose starch into sugar, which is the first step in the production of ethanol. As a result, it can produce more ethanol. This corn seed with amylase quality was successfully developed by Swiss Syngenta, and the company will sell it under the trade name “Enogenâ€. According to Deville Pisco, COO of Seedna’s seed business, “This kind of corn can make more biofuels available to existing ethanol producers in the United States.â€
Syngenta plans to only cooperate with a limited number of ethanol plants and corn growers this year and plans to commercialize this “ethanol corn†on a large scale by 2012. Syngenta stated that it will try to make the cultivation of ethanol corn "under contractual conditions and under closed conditions."
Michael Gregoire, deputy director of biotechnology regulatory affairs at the US Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Monitoring Service, said that Syngenta had proposed to the U.S. Department of Agriculture regarding the planting of the genetically modified ethanol corn as early as 2005. Application. Subsequently, the Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Monitoring Service (APHIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture conducted environmental and plant pest risk assessments on the corn. The final conclusion is that the crop does not pose a plant risk and can be exempt from regulatory restrictions.
However, corn millers and food manufacturers may not think so. They fear that if the amylase contained in this “ethanol corn†escapes from its original product, it will inevitably infiltrate into the food chain originally intended for human consumption, and will cause a lot of trouble. Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration confirmed in 2007 that the amylase is safe for use in food, related agencies are still concerned that it will affect the quality of corn foods and product shelf life. The North American Millers Association believes that if the amylase enters the food processing industry, it may have a bad effect on the quality of breakfast foods, snack foods, etc.
Union of Concerned Scientists also expressed concern that they are mainly afraid of contaminating edible corn during the planting process of GM ethanol and corn. Margaret Mellon, director of the Food and Environmental Planning Department of the Union of Concerned Scientists, said: “The decision of the Ministry of Agriculture violated common sense and there is currently no effective way to protect the consumption of corn from ethanol corn. Even with the most stringent precautionary measures, as long as there is wind blowing, edible corn will be contaminated, and the quality of edible corn will decline."
Kate Mahon, the coordinator of the environmental group's biofuels campaign called Friends of the Earth, also expressed disappointment with the decision of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. She said that if the United States Congress did not pass the "Renewable Fuel Standards" Act in 2007, requiring large quantities of biofuels, the genetic engineering "ethanol corn" simply did not exist. The Renewable Fuels Standards Act requires that the country's bioethanol consumption reach 36 billion gallons by 2022, and the organization expects that corn ethanol will reach 15 billion gallons by then.
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