The research on gravity beneficiation methods is currently focused on the research of high-efficiency large-scale equipment and reasonable process flow. At the same time, due to the complexity of the mineral surface, the requirements for the comprehensive recovery of multi-metals are constantly increasing. Therefore, the research on the combined process of gravity beneficiation and other mineral processing methods is even more important. For example, in China's non-ferrous polymetallic sulphide ore, a float-heavy-floating process is used to recover metal minerals such as cassiterite, copper , tungsten, antimony , sulfur, etc., and in heavy metal-based polymetallic beneficiation, heavy weight is also adopted. - Floating-magnetic joint process to recover copper and iron ore.
According to the results of current research and technical and economic comparisons, in the industrial production, the most effective ore dressing method is adopted for the ore materials of various granularities suitable for the specific gravity. For example, for the re-election of ore raw materials of 15-20 mm or more, heavy medium beneficiation method can be used; for ore raw materials of 3-15 mm, the most effective ones are jigging beneficiation and heavy medium beneficiation; for ore raw materials of 2 to 3 mm or less, The most effective is shaker beneficiation and spiral beneficiation; in some cases, fine particle jigging can also be used; for slime raw materials less than 0.074 mm; the most effective is to use a slime shaker (recovering coarse particles) and centrifuging Machine, belt chute, etc. In short, the ore of various grain grades can be equipped with corresponding gravity ore dressing equipment, and some of these equipments have high rich ore ratios and some have high recovery rates. Therefore, some are used for roughing equipment, and some are suitable for selection. equipment.
For rare metals with a large specific gravity such as gold, platinum, etc., a good index can be obtained by using the chute beneficiation method.
The gravity beneficiation process usually refers to the beneficiation process that passes through the ore to the final product (including intermediate products).
The gravity beneficiation process includes washing, de-sludge, grinding, grading, and sorting several operations. The structure of the process depends on the nature and characteristics of the materials selected. In all cases, a trial-scale manufacturability test or a semi-industrial-scale process is performed on the ore to determine a reasonable process. It is usually determined by the following three aspects:
1. Ore properties. For ore suitable for treatment by gravity beneficiation method, the ore quality of the process is determined as follows:
1. The embedding characteristics of useful minerals;
2. The granule composition of the ore and the distribution of the metal in each grade, the important one being the mud content and the metal content in the fine mud;
3. The muddy ability of useful minerals.
4. According to the nature of the ore, it can be determined whether heavy medium pre-selection is required, as well as grinding grain size, ore dressing, number of grinding sections and mud sand sorting, and whether or not the rich medium ore is concentrated and reconstructed.
2. The market requirements for mineral processing product specifications.
3. Gravity beneficiation equipment performance, applicable particle size, rich ore ratio, recovery rate and fractional recovery rate, processing capacity, etc.
The determination of a reasonable process must be based on the above requirements, after repeated trials, a variety of program comparisons can be finalized.
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